I normally use Eneloop batteries in my 430EX flash. However, the other day, I visited my daughter's house about an hour away and forgot to load the Eneloops in my flash. I left them in the charger. This was really stupid since I have several extra sets which I could have inserted when I removed the four Eneloops for charging.
In lieu of Eneloops, I inserted four fresh AA Energizer Alkaline batteries at my daughter's house. The Energzers had a noticeably shorter life span. It wasn't very long before I noticed that the recharge time was growing longer and longer. That is really a PITA when shooting dogs.
Like I said, this is not a scientific test. In fact, I am not sure how many exposures I made. Most of the time I shot in ETTL fairly close to my subjects and at around f/4 or f/5.6 so this should not have resulted in excessive drain from the batteries.
However, my conclusion is that I am happy that I chose Eneloops and will continue using them in lieu of throw-away batteries. They are good for the environment and my wallet also!