I would definitely NOT select the 50mm f/2.5 Macro because this lens cannot achieve 1:1 image ratio (The image on the sensor being the same size as the subject) without the use of an accessory adapter.
As per the Canon wed site:
"A superior-performance lens offering excellent optics and focusing from infinity down to one-half life size (0.5x). Its nine-element design features a floating optical system, which ensures top-notch performance even at close focusing distances. Light and compact, it functions beautifully as a general-purpose normal lens. The optional accessory Life Size Converter EF enables focusing down to life size (1:1), and actually increases working distance - very desireable in close-up shooting."
The problem with this type of setup is that if you want to shoot anything between 1:2 image ratio (wherein the image is 1/2 the size of the subject) and 1:1 (explained above) you must add the adapter. That means setting up your shot all over again which would be a PITA for your patients. That also means if you want to cover an area smaller than 44.4mm x 29.6 mm you have to add the converter and then if you want to cover an area larger than that, you have to take off the converter. The 100mm Canon (and most other true macro lenses) will allow stepless focusing from infinity down to 1:1.
Also lenses below the 100mm focal length will require you to get your lens and flash in too close to the subject's mouth.
I am certainly no expert on what is needed in a dental image. My dentist never used a tripod. He also did not use a ringlight because he said that shadowless imaging did not show him what he wanted to see. Instead, he used a pair of small flashes on a dual rig. Ring flash is easier to master while twin flashes may give slightly better results. See the section on flash in this web site...
http://www.edmclaren.com/Pubs/PDFs/t...en_article.pdf